Madison Dog Bite Lawyer

On This Page
Key Takeaways
  • Strict Liability: Wis. Stat. 174.02(1)(a) makes the Madison dog owner strictly liable for the full amount of damages the dog causes, with no need to prove prior bites or owner negligence.
  • Double Damages: Wis. Stat. 174.02(1)(b) doubles damages when the bite broke the skin and caused permanent scarring or disfigurement, and the owner was notified or knew that the dog had previously, without provocation, bitten a person hard enough to break the skin and cause permanent scarring or disfigurement.
  • Three Year Deadline: You have three years from the date of the Madison bite to file suit under Wis. Stat. 893.54, and only 120 days to file a notice of injury against a Wisconsin municipality.
  • PHMDC Bite Report: Public Health Madison and Dane County runs both animal services and bite investigations. Urgent bites: 608 255 2345. Non urgent: 608 267 1989.
  • Trauma Care: UW Health University Hospital is a verified American College of Surgeons Level I adult trauma center; American Family Children's Hospital is a verified Level I pediatric trauma center.
  • Comparative Fault: Wisconsin's 51 percent bar under Wis. Stat. 895.045 applies to dog bite claims, but real provocation is a narrow defense that adjusters routinely overstate.
  • No Damage Cap: Wisconsin does not cap non economic damages in ordinary dog bite cases, and under Ellsworth v. Schelbrock you recover the reasonable value of your medical care.
  • Harborer Insurance: Under Pawlowski v. American Family, a Madison co resident who harbors a dog is a statutory owner, opening a second homeowner or renter policy for recovery.

Dog bites happen every week in Madison, from the Isthmus and State Street to the lakefront paths around Lake Mendota and Lake Monona, in Middleton Hills and the west side, and out into the Dane County suburbs. When a bite breaks skin, sends a child to the emergency room, or leaves a permanent scar, Wisconsin law gives victims two powerful recovery tools that most other states do not: strict liability with no proof of prior viciousness, and, when the facts line up, double damages.

Both live in Wis. Stat. 174.02. Subsection (1)(a) makes the owner strictly liable for the full amount of damages the dog caused. Subsection (1)(b) doubles that recovery when the current bite broke skin and caused permanent scarring or disfigurement, the dog had previously, without provocation, done the same thing to a person, and the owner was notified or knew about that prior bite. On this page you will find Madison specific ordinances, hospitals, court information, and reporting phone numbers, plus a plain English walkthrough of how the Wisconsin statute, the three year filing deadline, and the 51 percent comparative fault bar interact.

Dog Bite Laws focuses on dog attack cases only. If you or your child were bitten in Madison or anywhere in Dane County, use this page as your first reference, then call us for a free case review.

Madison and Dane County Dog Bite Statistics

Wisconsin does not classify animal bites as a statutorily notifiable disease, so a single official statewide count of dog bites is not published. The best available Wisconsin figures come from the Wisconsin Department of Health Services WISH injury query system, which counts emergency department visits and hospitalizations coded to dog bite injuries, and from CDC WISQARS for the national picture.

A CDC report cited an estimated 4.7 million dog bites in the U.S. in 1994, with about 800,000 people needing medical care, and CDC says nearly 1 in 5 people bitten by a dog needs medical attention. CDC counted an average of 43 deaths a year from being bitten or struck by a dog from 2011 to 2021. A CDC report estimated that U.S. hospital emergency departments treated about 368,000 people for dog bite injuries in 2001, and about 98 percent of them were treated and released. That CDC report also found that children ages 5 to 9 had the highest rate of dog bite injuries, and that most injuries to children under 4 were to the head or neck.

Dane County has a population of more than 570,000 people and Madison itself is home to more than 270,000 residents, so the county contributes a large share of the state’s dog bite ED visits. Public Health Madison and Dane County investigates bite reports from every part of the city, including downtown and campus neighborhoods, Willy Street and Atwood, Monroe Street, Nakoma, Sunset Village, the west side around West Towne, and the far east side neighborhoods near Cottage Grove Road.

Wisconsin Dog Bite Law: Strict Liability and Double Damages

Wisconsin is a strict liability state for dog bites. There are two subsections you need to know, and both apply to Madison cases.

Single damages under Wis. Stat. 174.02(1)(a). The owner of a dog is liable for the full amount of damages the dog causes to a person, a domestic animal, or property. You do not have to prove the owner was careless. You do not have to prove the dog had bitten anyone before. The statute is expressly subject to Wisconsin’s comparative negligence rule at Wis. Stat. 895.045, so the plaintiff’s own share of fault, if any, still reduces recovery, but the strict liability framework does the heavy lifting.

Double damages under Wis. Stat. 174.02(1)(b). Wisconsin is one of a small number of states where damages actually double when a specific three part test is met:

  • The current bite broke the skin AND caused permanent physical scarring or disfigurement, AND
  • The dog had previously, without provocation, bitten a person with sufficient force to break skin AND cause permanent scarring or disfigurement, AND
  • The owner was notified of, or actually knew about, that prior bite.

In practice this is the single most important recovery lever in a Wisconsin dog bite case. Getting to double damages depends on investigation that begins on day one: pulling prior Public Health Madison and Dane County bite reports on the same dog, prior insurance claims, prior 911 calls, neighbor statements, and any dangerous dog designations. In Madison cases where a familiar or repeat offender dog is involved, double damages should be pled and preserved.

Who counts as an owner. In Pawlowski v. American Family Mut. Ins. Co., the Wisconsin Supreme Court held that a person who harbors a dog, meaning affords lodging, shelter, or refuge to the dog, is a statutory owner under 174.02. That includes co residents and, in some cases, roommates or extended family who take a dog in for weeks or months. A landlord who is neither a keeper nor a harborer is not a statutory owner under Augsburger v. Homestead Mut. Ins. Co., but a landlord who actively kept the dog on the premises may be. Every Madison intake should identify every adult living at the address in the months before the bite.

Madison City Ordinance on Dogs and Animals

On top of Wisconsin state law, the City of Madison regulates dogs through the Madison General Ordinances, including Section 9.50 (dog licenses), Sections 23.32 and 23.33 (running at large and impoundment after a bite), Section 23.35 (dogs that injure people), Section 23.39 (rabies vaccination), and Section 8.195 (dog recreation areas).

  • Licensing. Dogs over five months old kept in Madison must be licensed every year through the City Treasurer, and a license is issued only with proof of current rabies vaccination.
  • Leash and control rule. Off the owner’s property, a dog must be under a person’s control on a leash no longer than six feet. The exception is posted off leash areas.
  • Off leash parks. Madison allows dogs off leash only in posted areas of Brittingham Park, Demetral Field, Lucia Crest Park (early mornings only), the McCormick Avenue Greenway, Odana School Park, Quann Park, Sycamore Park, Walnut Grove Park, and Warner Park. Off leash conduct is only allowed inside those posted areas. A dog running off leash on a sidewalk, in a neighborhood park, on a Lake Monona shore, or on a bike path is in violation of the ordinance, and that violation is powerful evidence of negligence per se.
  • Dogs that injure people. Once a dog attacks or bites a person off its owner’s property, Madison requires it to be muzzled and kept on a leash no longer than four feet whenever it leaves the property, and physically restrained while outside on the property.
  • Rabies observation. When a dog bites and breaks the skin, a humane officer orders it held for at least ten days, at a Dane County veterinary clinic or, if it is currently vaccinated, at the owner’s home.

Public Health Madison and Dane County: Animal Services and Bite Investigations

In Madison and Dane County, animal control and dog bite investigations are handled by Public Health Madison and Dane County, a joint city and county agency, rather than a separate police unit or county animal control department. Animal Services Officers at PHMDC respond to bite complaints, aggressive and loose dog calls, cruelty investigations, rabies quarantines, and sick or injured strays.

  • Urgent animal issues, including bites. Phone: 608 255 2345. Available 24 hours a day through Madison Police dispatch, which routes animal calls to PHMDC officers.
  • Non urgent inquiries. Phone: 608 267 1989. Use for follow up on your report, copies of paperwork, and licensing questions.
  • Shelter partner. The Dane County Humane Society houses stray and impounded animals for PHMDC. Dogs held for observation are quarantined at the owner’s home if vaccinated, or at a veterinary clinic.

Rabies observation in Wisconsin follows the ten day rule. A dog that bites a person is placed on a ten day quarantine so any signs of rabies can be identified while the animal is still alive. If the dog is unvaccinated, cannot be located, or shows signs of illness, your doctor may recommend post exposure rabies shots, which are costly. Those costs can be recovered as part of your dog bite claim.

Do not accept an owner’s assurance that they will “handle it” without filing a formal report with PHMDC. Only a report creates the paper trail your claim will rely on.

What To Do After a Madison Dog Bite

The first hour and the first week after a Madison dog attack shape both the medical outcome and the strength of the civil claim. Work through the list in order.

  1. Get to safety and call 911 if the dog is still loose or the injuries are serious. If the dog is contained and the injuries are minor, use the Madison Police non emergency line at 608 255 2345.
  2. Identify the dog and the owner. Get the owner’s full name, address, phone number, homeowner or renter insurance carrier, and the dog’s Madison license and rabies vaccination information. If the owner is unknown, note the dog’s breed, size, color, and where it went.
  3. Get medical care right away. Even a small puncture can seed a deep infection. Dog mouths carry Pasteurella multocida, Capnocytophaga, and other bacteria that can travel into tendon and bone within hours.
  4. Report the bite to Public Health Madison and Dane County at 608 255 2345. This starts the ten day rabies observation and creates the official record.
  5. Photograph everything. Wounds before and after cleaning and bandaging, torn clothing, blood on the ground, the dog if it is safe, and the location. Repeat the photos over the first two weeks as the injury heals or scars.
  6. Get witness contact information. Names, phone numbers, and email addresses. Neighbors, dog walkers, joggers on the Capital City Trail, and delivery drivers are often the strongest witnesses.
  7. Preserve evidence. Keep torn clothing unwashed in a paper bag, save all medical records and bills, and start a daily journal noting pain, sleep, missed work, and any new symptoms.
  8. Do not give a recorded statement to the owner’s insurance company. Speak with a Madison dog bite lawyer before saying anything on the record.

Madison Hospitals and Urgent Care for Dog Bites

Madison is the referral hub for southern Wisconsin, and the city has strong trauma and reconstructive resources for serious bite injuries. For any deep puncture, facial wound, hand injury, or injury to a child, go directly to a hospital emergency department rather than urgent care.

  • UW Health University Hospital. Verified American College of Surgeons Level I adult trauma center serving all of southern Wisconsin. Emergency Department open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Main line: 608 263 6400.
  • American Family Children’s Hospital (UW Health). Verified American College of Surgeons Level I pediatric trauma center. This is the referral destination for serious facial and multi trauma injuries in Madison area children.
  • UnityPoint Health, Meriter Hospital. Full service hospital on the near west side with a 24 hour Emergency Department. Main line: 608 417 6000.
  • SSM Health St. Mary’s Hospital Madison. Full service hospital with a 24 hour Emergency Department on the near east side of downtown. Main line: 608 251 6100.

How To Report a Dog Bite in Madison

Reporting matters. A report is what gets the dog placed on rabies observation, and the report itself becomes key evidence in your claim.

  • Public Health Madison and Dane County (urgent, 24/7). Phone: 608 255 2345. Report any bite that broke skin or that involves an unvaccinated or unknown dog.
  • Public Health Madison and Dane County (non urgent). Phone: 608 267 1989. Use for follow up, copies of your report, and licensing questions.
  • Madison Police Department, non emergency. Phone: 608 255 2345. Use if the dog is still at large in a Madison neighborhood, if the owner refuses to identify the dog, or if a criminal act (menacing, retaliation) is involved.
  • Dane County Sheriff, non emergency. Phone: 608 284 6900. Use for bites in unincorporated parts of Dane County or in smaller communities without their own police department.
  • 911. Use for any bite requiring emergency medical response or when a dog is actively attacking or at large and dangerous.

When you file, ask for the report or incident number and a copy of the report. If the agency will not release it to you directly, your lawyer can obtain it. The report, combined with the rabies quarantine paperwork and the dog’s license record, is often the backbone of the case.

Madison Area Law Enforcement and Emergency Contacts

Use the non emergency lines for bites that are not an active emergency.

  • Madison Police Department. Emergency: 911. Non emergency: 608 255 2345. Serves the entire City of Madison.
  • Dane County Sheriff’s Office. Non emergency: 608 284 6900. Serves unincorporated Dane County.
  • 911. Call for a dog still attacking or a serious injury.

Even when a bite is not a criminal matter, a police or sheriff’s report creates a time stamped record of the officer’s observations of the dog, the owner, and the scene. Those notes support your claim when the insurer questions what happened.

Filing a Dog Bite Claim in Dane County

A Madison dog bite lawsuit is filed in the Dane County Circuit Court, but that is your lawyer’s job, not yours. Your lawyer prepares the complaint, files it before the deadline, and handles every step with the court.

The overwhelming majority of Madison dog bite cases resolve with the owner’s homeowner or renter insurance carrier before a lawsuit is filed. Filing suit still matters. It is often the step that moves a stalled adjuster to make a reasonable settlement offer, because the insurer now faces a court date and possible double damages.

Small claims court only handles personal injury claims of $5,000 or less, and almost any bite with treatment beyond one emergency visit will exceed that once medical bills, lost wages, and scarring add up. Your part is simple: keep every bill, photo, and record, and talk to a lawyer early.

Compensation for Madison Dog Bite Victims

Under Wis. Stat. 174.02, a Madison dog owner is liable for the “full amount of damages” the dog caused, and Wisconsin courts read that broadly to include every category of personal injury damages. In a Madison case, that typically includes:

  • Past medical expenses. Emergency care, wound irrigation, sutures, IV antibiotics, imaging, rabies post exposure treatment, plastic surgery, hand therapy, and follow up visits. Under Ellsworth v. Schelbrock, you recover the reasonable value of your medical care, not just the discounted amount insurance actually paid.
  • Future medical expenses. Scar revision, staged reconstructive surgery, dental work, physical or occupational therapy, and mental health treatment. Life care plans matter in serious pediatric cases.
  • Lost wages. Time missed from work while healing, attending appointments, or recovering from surgery.
  • Lost earning capacity. When permanent scarring, nerve damage, or PTSD limits future work, particularly in customer facing or physical occupations.
  • Physical pain and suffering. Ongoing pain from nerve injury, tendon damage, and healing wounds. Wisconsin does NOT cap non economic damages in dog bite cases.
  • Emotional distress and PTSD. Anxiety, hypervigilance, sleep disruption, and dog phobia. Very common in child victims, and just as real in adults.
  • Scarring and disfigurement. Compensated separately from pain and suffering because scars are permanent and remain visible for life.
  • Double damages under 174.02(1)(b). Where the three part prior bite test is satisfied, the compensatory recovery doubles.

Health insurance and Medicaid subrogation liens are aggressive in Wisconsin. The Wisconsin made whole doctrine from Rimes v. State Farm, can reduce or eliminate an insurer’s subrogation claim when the victim has not been fully compensated. Never let a subrogated carrier be paid out of the settlement without the made whole analysis on the record.

Comparative Negligence in Wisconsin Dog Bite Cases

Wisconsin uses a modified comparative negligence rule under Wis. Stat. 895.045. Your damages are reduced by your percentage of fault, and you are barred from any recovery if your fault is GREATER than the defendant’s. Because 174.02(1)(a) is expressly “subject to s. 895.045,” this rule applies even in a strict liability dog bite claim.

The 51 percent bar in practice:

  • A plaintiff who is 30 percent at fault recovers 70 percent of the damages.
  • A plaintiff who is 50 percent at fault still recovers, at 50 percent of the damages. A tie is NOT a bar.
  • A plaintiff who is 51 percent or more at fault recovers zero.

Worked Madison example. Suppose a jogger on the John Nolen Drive path near Olin Park is knocked down and bitten by an off leash dog whose owner had left the leash slack while the dog charged. The jury finds the jogger 20 percent at fault for continuing to jog past the dog rather than stopping and calling out. Damages are found to be $150,000. The verdict is reduced by 20 percent, so the jogger recovers $120,000 from the owner.

Defense counsel and adjusters routinely try to inflate the victim’s share of fault, especially with children. Ordinary acts like petting a dog after the owner said it was friendly, walking past a leashed dog, or entering a home as an invited guest are not provocation under Wisconsin law. Do not agree to a “you must have provoked the dog” narrative in a recorded statement.

Statute of Limitations for Madison Dog Bite Cases

Under Wis. Stat. 893.54, a Madison dog bite victim has three years from the date of injury to file suit. That is shorter than Minnesota’s six years and shorter than several of Wisconsin’s neighbors, so the clock matters.

Minors. Wisconsin tolls the statute for minors under Wis. Stat. 893.16. The child has two years after turning 18 to sue, meaning the practical deadline is the child’s 20th birthday. The intake rule is: for a minor, the deadline is the LATER of (a) three years from the bite under 893.54, or (b) the 20th birthday under 893.16. For an older teen, the 20th birthday can actually be a SHORTER deadline than three years from the bite; do not assume tolling always extends the clock.

Government defendants. If a defendant is the State of Wisconsin, a Wisconsin municipality (including the City of Madison, Dane County, or a suburban municipality), or a government employee acting in an official capacity, a notice of injury or claim must be filed within 120 days under Wis. Stat. 893.80 (municipal) or Wis. Stat. 893.82 (state). Damages against a municipality are capped at $50,000 under 893.80(3), and against the state at $250,000. Rare in ordinary neighbor dog cases, but critical to screen for at intake.

Homeowner and Renter Insurance for Madison Dog Bites

Most Madison dog bite claims are paid out of the owner’s homeowner or renter insurance policy, not the owner’s personal bank account. That is the single most important thing for a bitten neighbor, friend, or relative to understand. Filing a claim does not empty a friend’s pocket. It taps the policy the friend already pays premiums to.

  • Homeowner HO 3 policies. Standard Wisconsin HO 3 policies include personal liability coverage of $100,000, $300,000, or $500,000 and medical payments to others of $1,000 to $5,000. Dog bites are typically covered unless the policy carries a specific animal liability exclusion or an excluded breed endorsement.
  • Renter HO 4 policies. Renter policies commonly issued in Madison student and multi family housing generally include the same personal liability grant. Always check whether the tenant carries renters coverage, particularly in a Pawlowski harborer scenario where a non owner adult in the household is a statutory owner under 174.02.
  • Excess or umbrella policies. Umbrella policies extend liability over the underlying homeowner layer, usually starting at $1 million. In serious injury cases, particularly facial scarring or child victims, always demand disclosure of any umbrella policy in writing.
  • Animal liability exclusions. Wisconsin insurers increasingly write animal liability exclusions or one bite exclusions into HO 3 and HO 4 policies. Always request the full declarations page AND the endorsement schedule. The coverage letter alone is not enough.
  • Multiple policies under Pawlowski. If a Madison co resident is a statutory harborer under Pawlowski v. American Family, that co resident’s separate homeowner or renter policy can be a second recovery source alongside the legal owner’s policy. In Augsburger v. Homestead, by contrast, a landlord who was neither a keeper nor a harborer was not a statutory owner, so landlord policies are only in play when the landlord actually kept the dog. Sort this out early.

Why Choose Dog Bite Laws for Your Madison Case

Dog Bite Laws handles dog attack claims exclusively. That focus matters. General personal injury firms take dog bite cases as filler between car crashes and slip and falls, and rarely dig into the case building work that Wisconsin’s double damages statute rewards. We do the opposite: we treat every Wisconsin bite as a candidate for 174.02(1)(b) double damages until the prior bite investigation is complete.

When you hire Dog Bite Laws for a Madison case, you get:

  • Deep familiarity with Wis. Stat. 174.02, the Pawlowski harborer rule, the Fandrey public policy defense, and the Ellsworth collateral source rule.
  • Working knowledge of the Madison General Ordinances animal chapter, Public Health Madison and Dane County procedures, the ten day rabies observation, and the Dane County dangerous dog process.
  • Prior bite investigation using PHMDC records, prior insurance claims, dangerous dog registry data, and neighbor statements to build a 174.02(1)(b) case where the facts support it.
  • Experience negotiating with the major homeowner and renter carriers writing HO 3 and HO 4 policies in Wisconsin, and preserving umbrella coverage where it exists.
  • No fee unless we recover for you. We advance the cost of investigation, medical records, expert witnesses, and, when needed, life care plans.

Call Dog Bite Laws today for a free case evaluation. We will review the PHMDC bite report, your medical records, the owner’s insurance situation, and any prior bite evidence, then give you an honest read on what your Madison case is worth.

Các câu hỏi thường gặp

For serious pediatric facial injuries, the referral destination is American Family Children's Hospital at UW Health, which is a verified American College of Surgeons Level I pediatric trauma center. Staged reconstructive care over months or years is common in child cases and is a fully recoverable damages category under Wis. Stat. 174.02.

Public Health Madison and Dane County will place the dog on a mandatory ten day quarantine so any signs of rabies show up while the animal is still alive. If the dog is vaccinated and cooperative, the quarantine is usually at the owner's home. If the dog is unvaccinated, cannot be located, or shows illness, PHMDC and your doctor will likely recommend post exposure rabies prophylaxis for your child. That series is expensive, and every dollar is recoverable as part of the civil claim against the owner.

Yes. The Madison General Ordinances require dogs to be on a leash no longer than six feet any time they are off the owner's property, with the only exception being posted off leash areas such as the area of Warner Park south of the lagoon, Sycamore Park, Quann Park, and Demetral Field. Being off leash outside those posted zones is an ordinance violation, and Wis. Stat. 174.02 already makes the owner strictly liable. The ordinance violation reinforces the case and undercuts any defense argument about your conduct.

Yes. Wisconsin uses a 51 percent modified comparative fault bar under Wis. Stat. 895.045. As long as your share of fault is 50 percent or less, you recover, reduced by your percentage. Worked example: if the jury finds $200,000 in damages and puts you at 40 percent fault, you recover $120,000. Only at 51 percent or more do you recover zero. Do not agree to a provocation narrative in a recorded statement. Adjusters routinely overstate a victim's share of fault.

Not automatically. Wisconsin's made whole doctrine, from Rimes v. State Farm, says that a subrogated health insurer cannot be paid out of the settlement unless the victim has been made whole for the full loss. In a serious bite with future medical needs, scarring, and lost wages, most victims are NOT made whole by policy limits, and the made whole analysis often reduces or eliminates the lien. Also, under Ellsworth v. Schelbrock, you recover the reasonable value of your medical care, not just the discounted amount insurance paid.

Both, potentially. Under Pawlowski v. American Family Mut. Ins. Co., a person who harbors a dog, meaning affords lodging or shelter, is a statutory owner under Wis. Stat. 174.02. Your friend would qualify as a harborer and her renter insurance policy would be in play alongside the legal owner's policy. By contrast, under Augsburger v. Homestead Mut. Ins. Co., a landlord who is not a keeper or harborer is not a statutory owner. That is why the intake question in every Madison case is: who lived at the address in the months before the bite, and what homeowner or renter policy did each of them carry?

It depends on how much your case is worth. Wisconsin small claims court only handles personal injury claims of $5,000 or less. Almost any Madison dog bite case with more than a single ER visit will exceed that limit once you count medical bills, lost wages, scarring, and pain and suffering, so it belongs in the Dane County Circuit Court. Your lawyer makes that call and handles the filing. If the claim truly is $5,000 or less, small claims is faster and cheaper.

Hãy cho chúng tôi biết về trường hợp bị chó cắn của bạn

"*" là ký hiệu cho các trường bắt buộc

Trường này dùng để xác thực và không nên thay đổi.

Lời chia sẻ từ khách hàng

Luật về vụ chó cắn đặt công lý lên hàng đầu

Hãy liên hệ với chúng tôi qua điện thoại, email, tin nhắn hoặc trò chuyện trực tuyến để trao đổi về trường hợp của bạn.

"*" là ký hiệu cho các trường bắt buộc

Trường này dùng để xác thực và không nên thay đổi.

Call Now - FREE Consultation Pay No Fees Until We Win!