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Key Takeaways
  • No Strict Liability: Texas has no dog bite statute, so a Dallas claim runs on the one bite rule, ordinary negligence, or a city ordinance violation.
  • First Bite Counts: A dog with no bite history can still cost its owner the case, because the negligence route does not require any prior bite.
  • Report Through 311: Dallas Animal Services takes bite reports through 311 at (214) 670-3111, through the Dallas 311 mobile app, or through the city's online animal bite request.
  • Dallas Bite Numbers: The Dallas Animal Services field fact sheet dated September 10, 2026 recorded 1,584 bites for the 2025/26 fiscal year to date.
  • City Restraint Rule: Dallas City Code 7-3.1 requires a dog to be restrained at all times, and 7-4.14 makes an unprovoked bite by an unsecured dog a Class C misdemeanor.
  • Ten Day Observation: Dallas County Health and Human Services says a dog or cat bite may only require a report to animal control and observation of the animal for 10 days.
  • Five Level I Centers: Parkland, Baylor University Medical Center, Children's Medical Center Dallas, Methodist Dallas and Texas Health Presbyterian Dallas are all state-designated Level I trauma centers.
  • Two Year Deadline: A Texas dog bite suit has to be filed within two years of the bite under Civil Practice and Remedies Code 16.003.

A dog attack in Dallas leaves you with wounds, a bill and questions nobody prepared you for. The first thing to understand is that Texas is not a strict liability state. Texas dog bite law has no statute making an owner automatically responsible for a bite, so a Dallas claim is built on what the owner knew about the dog, how the owner handled it that day, and whether the city’s restraint rule was broken.

This page covers the bite numbers Dallas Animal Services publishes, the restraint and bite offenses in the Dallas City Code, the rabies observation, the city’s trauma centers, how to report, who besides the owner can be responsible, what a claim pays, and how long you have.

Dog Bite Laws handles dog attack cases and nothing else. The consultation is free, and you pay no fee unless we recover money for you.

Dallas and Dallas County Dog Bite Statistics

Dallas is one of the Texas cities that publishes a real bite count. Dallas Animal Services posts a monthly department field fact sheet with a table titled Bites – Actual. The sheet dated September 10, 2026 recorded 1,584 total bites for the 2025/26 fiscal year to date, against 1,689 for all of fiscal year 2024/25, and 109 bites in August 2026 against 140 in August 2025.

The same breakdown shows where bites happen. A loose dog was involved in 750, split into 181 with no known owner and 569 that were owned. Another 531 involved a dog its owner had confined, and 303 were owners bitten by their own dog.

The department attaches its own caution: the figures reflect its databases on the report date, and later reports can show slight variance. A separate table counts bite service requests, which are calls rather than confirmed bites, so the two should not be mixed.

For statewide context, the Insurance Information Institute counted 1,313 Texas dog related injury claims in 2025 at an average cost of $70,885, above the $65,450 national average. That is an insurance figure, not a bite count, and no statewide Texas bite total is published.

Texas Dog Bite Law: The One Bite Rule and Negligence

Texas has no dog bite statute, and nothing makes an owner automatically responsible the moment a dog bites. Liability here is common law, running on two tracks a Dallas case can use together.

The first is the one bite rule, from the Texas Supreme Court’s decision in Marshall v. Ranne. You recover if the dog had dangerous tendencies abnormal for a dog, the owner knew or should have known, and those tendencies caused your injury. A prior bite is the cleanest proof of that knowledge, not the only proof. Prior lunging or snapping, neighbor complaints, an earlier animal services call, or the way the dog was kept can all supply it.

The second track is ordinary negligence, and it needs no bite history at all. The question is whether the owner handled or contained the dog carelessly: the gate left open, the dog off leash, the dog tethered where it could reach the walkway. Texas courts have said plainly that a negligence plaintiff does not have to prove the animal was vicious, and the Texas Supreme Court has held that an owner who sees an attack begin owes a duty to try to stop it.

Never assume a first bite means no case. In Dallas it usually means the case is built on the second track and on the ordinances below.

Dallas Leash Law and Dog Ordinances

Texas has no statewide leash law. The Legislature left restraint rules to cities and counties, which is why the exact address where you were bitten matters. Inside the city limits, chapter 7 of the Dallas City Code applies.

Section 7-3.1(a) says an owner commits an offense by failing to restrain the animal at all times in a fenced yard, in an enclosed pen, in a structure, or by a tethering device, and the tether counts only if the animal is in the owner’s immediate possession and accompanied by the owner.

Dallas also has an offense aimed squarely at bites. Section 7-4.14(a) makes it an offense for the owner or keeper to fail to secure a dog that then makes an unprovoked bite causing bodily injury, away from the owner’s own property or vehicle. That is a Class C misdemeanor. Dallas issues no dog license, but requires a microchip and a current rabies vaccination from four months of age.

An ordinance violation is not automatic liability in Texas. It lets your lawyer use the city’s own rule as the standard of care, but you still have to show the violation caused the bite, which is why prior escape complaints and photographs of the gate carry weight.

Dallas Animal Control and Rabies Follow-Up

The director of Dallas Animal Services is the local rabies control authority for the city. Section 7-2.1 of the city code adopts the state rabies chapter by reference and names the director for that role, and section 7-2.4(b) requires any person with knowledge of a likely rabies exposure to a human to report it to the director as soon as possible.

Once the director notifies an owner that a dog has bitten, scratched or likely exposed a person to rabies, section 7-2.4(c) gives that owner three choices: surrender the dog immediately for quarantine at a city animal shelter, deliver it immediately to a veterinary clinic approved by the director at the owner’s expense, or confine it on the owner’s property in a secure enclosure approved by the director. Home confinement here is one option of three, and the enclosure has to be approved.

The ordinance sets no number of days itself. Dallas County Health and Human Services says a dog or cat bite may only require a report to animal control plus observation of the animal for 10 days. Whether you need rabies treatment is a decision for your doctor with the health department, and it is often started right away.

Outside the city limits, the county health department handles it. Its rabies line is (214) 819-2004, and its environmental health program takes dog bite and dangerous dog concerns at (214) 819-2115. If the dog is unvaccinated, both the confinement and the treatment decision change.

What To Do After a Dallas Dog Bite

The first hour matters more than anything later. Wash the wound, get medical care, then build the record while people are still there.

  • Call 911 if the injury is serious or the dog is still loose. Dallas Police publishes a non-emergency line for making a report at 214-744-4444.
  • Get treated the same day. Bites drive bacteria deep, and the wound that looks minor is the one that gets infected two days later.
  • Report the bite to Dallas Animal Services by calling 311 or using the Dallas 311 mobile app.
  • Identify the dog and its owner: a name, a phone number, an address, and the rabies certificate if it is offered.
  • Photograph the wounds, torn clothing, the gate and the fence before anything is repaired, and get names and numbers of witnesses.
  • Write down what the owner said and did during the attack. In Texas an owner who stood and watched can be liable for failing to try to stop the attack.
  • Keep every bill and explanation of benefits. Medical records are the backbone of the claim, and in Texas the amount actually paid is what you recover.
  • Give no recorded statement to the owner’s insurer and sign nothing before talking to a lawyer.

Dallas Hospitals and Urgent Care for Dog Bites

Five hospitals inside the city carry the top designation on the state’s trauma facilities list: Parkland Memorial Hospital, Baylor University Medical Center, Children’s Medical Center Dallas, Methodist Dallas Medical Center and Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas are each a state-designated Level I trauma center. Medical City Dallas Hospital is a state-designated Level III trauma center. The designations are published on the Texas trauma facilities list.

For a child, Children’s Medical Center Dallas is the area’s children’s hospital, at (844) 424-4537. Parkland lists 214-590-8000, Baylor University Medical Center publishes 214.820.0111 as its main operator number, Methodist Dallas lists (214) 947-8181, and Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas lists 214-345-6789.

Go to an emergency department for a deep bite, a bite to the face, hand or joint, heavy bleeding, a bite from a dog you cannot identify, or any bite to a small child. Urgent care is reasonable for a shallow puncture on a healthy adult, but ask about tetanus and antibiotics. Go back if the area turns red, swollen, hot or numb, or if a fever starts, because infection after a dog bite changes both the treatment and the value of the claim.

How To Report a Dog Bite in Dallas

Dallas runs bite reporting through 311. The Dallas Animal Services dog bite page states that a person bitten or scratched by an animal must report the incident by calling 311 or using the Dallas 311 mobile app, that doctors and medical facilities must also report dog bites, and that the department will investigate. The city’s 311 number is (214) 670-3111, and the Dallas Animal Services office line is (214) 670-6800.

You can also file online. The city says residents can submit 311 service requests by phone, mobile app or online, and an animal bite request can be submitted online or by phone.

Reporting does two jobs. It starts the rabies observation, and it creates a government file with a date, an address, an owner and, where officers take statements, sworn accounts from witnesses. If you want the dog investigated as a dangerous dog, the department says a person may request an affidavit and can call 214-670-8313 to have one mailed or faxed.

What happens after a dog bite is reported is worth knowing before you call.

Who Can Be Held Responsible for a Dallas Dog Bite

The obvious defendant is the dog’s owner, but Texas law reaches further. Both tracks begin with the owner or possessor, and a possessor can be an adult child staying at a parent’s house with the dog, a partner living at the address, a sitter, a walker or a boarding kennel. A Texas appeals court upheld a judgment against three people over a single dog on that reasoning. Who legally owns or keeps a dog is a question of control, not paperwork.

Landlords are treated differently depending on where the bite happened. In a common area the landlord controls, such as a breezeway, courtyard or parking lot, you can reach the landlord on proof of actual or imputed knowledge of that particular dog’s vicious tendencies, and prior complaints to the leasing office become central. Inside a tenant’s own unit, with the landlord out of possession, the standard is stricter: actual knowledge of that particular dog’s dangerous propensities and of its presence on the leased property, plus the ability to control the premises. Businesses that keep guard dogs and property managers are worth screening too.

One thing a dangerous dog declaration does not do is pay you. Health and Safety Code chapter 822 is criminal and administrative. It decides whether the dog is registered, restrained, seized or destroyed and whether the owner is prosecuted. Your civil claim is a separate case, and the declaration is evidence in it.

Filing a Dog Bite Claim in Dallas County

Most Dallas dog bite claims are resolved with the owner’s insurer and never see a courtroom. When a suit is necessary, Dallas County has layers of trial court: the justice of the peace courts for the smallest claims, up to $20,000, the county courts at law for mid sized claims, and the civil district courts, which have no ceiling and are where serious scarring, surgery and child injury cases belong. Your lawyer handles that part.

What you actually do is more practical, and it decides what the case is worth:

  • Finish treatment. Gaps in care are the first thing an adjuster points at.
  • Keep the paper trail: bills, explanations of benefits, receipts for anything destroyed, and pay records for time missed.
  • Report the bite so the animal services file exists.
  • Photograph the wound weekly as it heals, not once at the end.
  • Say nothing to the owner’s insurer beyond your name and contact details, and call a lawyer early while the dog, the witnesses and the animal services record are still findable.

Here is how a dog bite claim is filed.

Compensation for Dallas Dog Bite Victims

Texas splits damages into economic and non-economic. Economic damages are the money out of pocket: emergency care, surgery, scar revision, dental and eye repair, rabies treatment, physical therapy, counseling, and lost wages and earning capacity.

One Texas rule surprises almost everyone. Recovery of medical expenses is limited to the amount actually paid or incurred, not the amount billed. If a hospital bills $60,000 and your health plan settles it for $18,000, the $18,000 is the recoverable figure, and the written off part of the bill does not go in front of the jury, which is why explanations of benefits matter as much as the bills.

Non-economic damages are the human side, and Texas names them separately: physical pain and mental anguish, disfigurement, physical impairment, loss of enjoyment of life. There is no cap on these in a Texas dog bite case. A Texas appeals court upheld a purely non-economic award of $2 million for a facial attack that took 149 stitches, which is one affirmed verdict rather than a prediction, but it shows Texas puts no ceiling on scarring, pain and impairment.

Punitive damages require clear and convincing proof of gross negligence, such as letting a dog out after it was declared dangerous. The emotional aftermath is compensable too. See also what compensation covers and the settlement calculator.

Proportionate Responsibility in Texas Dog Bite Cases

Texas does not use the pure comparative fault rule some states do. Under chapter 33 of the Civil Practice and Remedies Code, a jury assigns each person a percentage of responsibility and your recovery is reduced by your share. At 20 percent responsible you collect 80 percent, at 50 percent you collect half, and if the jury puts more than 50 percent on you, you recover nothing. That cliff is the reason not to guess out loud about what you might have done differently.

In a Dallas case, the defense reaches that percentage through your conduct in the seconds before the bite: reaching over a fence, entering a yard past a sign, ignoring a warning, or letting a child approach an unfamiliar animal. Provocation is not written into any Texas statute as a defense to a civil claim, but it arrives as a percentage on the verdict form.

A jury can also assign a share to someone who is not a party, such as the person who left the gate open. Write down the sequence of events the same day, and do not narrate the attack to an adjuster in a way that concedes fault you do not have.

Statute of Limitations for Dallas Dog Bite Cases

Texas gives you two years from the date of the bite to file suit, under Civil Practice and Remedies Code 16.003. Opening a claim with the owner’s insurer, sending a demand letter, or reporting to Dallas Animal Services does not stop that clock. Miss it and the case ends no matter how badly you were hurt.

For a child the clock is paused. Under Civil Practice and Remedies Code 16.001 the two years do not begin until the child’s 18th birthday, so the practical deadline is the 20th birthday. A parent’s separate claim, for medical bills the parent paid, runs on the ordinary two year clock, so a child’s longer window is not a reason to wait.

Government claims are different and much faster. If a city, county, school district or other public entity was involved, written notice is required within six months under Civil Practice and Remedies Code 101.101, and a Texas city charter can shorten that. The Texas Supreme Court has enforced a 90 day charter deadline against a claimant. If a public agency is involved, treat the deadline as weeks, not months.

Waiting also hurts the evidence. Dogs get rehomed, tenants move and records get purged. More on dog bite filing deadlines.

Homeowner and Renter Insurance for Dallas Dog Bites

In the ordinary Dallas case the money comes from the dog owner’s homeowners or renters policy rather than from the owner personally. The Insurance Information Institute describes the standard structure: those policies typically cover dog bite liability up to the liability limits, typically $100,000 to $300,000, with the owner personally responsible for anything above that.

Texas does not require dog owners to carry liability insurance, with one exception. The owner of a legally dangerous dog must obtain liability coverage or show financial responsibility of at least $100,000 under Health and Safety Code 822.042 and file proof with the animal control authority. Dallas adds its own requirements in section 7-5.5(a): the owner of a dog declared dangerous here must register it and pay a dangerous dog registration fee of $252, restrain and muzzle it, microchip it, post a warning sign at the enclosure, and show proof of financial responsibility of at least $100,000. Because the statute allows financial responsibility instead of insurance, a registration alone does not prove a policy exists, so ask animal control for the proof filed.

Ask the owner for their insurer and policy number. A renter may still carry liability coverage, and if the bite happened in an apartment common area, a separate commercial policy may sit behind the property owner or manager.

Why Choose Dog Bite Laws for Your Dallas Case

Dog attack cases are all we do. That focus matters more in Texas than in a strict liability state, because a Texas case turns on facts gathered quickly: the animal services history for that dog and address, prior neighbor complaints, the rabies file, and what the owner did while the dog was on you.

On a Dallas case we request the animal services file and the rabies record, look for prior calls about the same dog, identify every possible owner or possessor and every policy that might respond, and hold the claim open until the scar has matured and any revision surgery is planned.

You can read more about Michael Agruss, or reach the team through our contact page. We handle cases across the state, including Fort Worth, Houston and San Antonio. The consultation is free, and you owe no fee unless we recover money for you.

Các câu hỏi thường gặp

The call becomes an animal bite service request assigned to Dallas Animal Services, and the city's published resolution estimate for that request type is one calendar day, and it lists a four hour response whether the dog is loose or already contained. An officer investigates, identifies the dog and its owner, and checks the rabies vaccination status. The department's director is the city's rabies control authority, so the confinement of the dog runs out of the same file. Ask for the service request number while you are on the phone.

It can be. Section 7-2.4 of the Dallas City Code gives an owner notified by the director three options: surrender the dog for quarantine at a city shelter, deliver it to a veterinary clinic approved by the director at the owner's own expense, or confine it on the owner's property in a secure enclosure that the director has approved. Home confinement is not automatic and the enclosure has to be approved. If you think the dog is not actually confined, report that through 311.

They are two different tracks. A dangerous dog determination follows an unprovoked attack on a person, or acts that make someone reasonably believe an attack is coming. Dallas adds a local aggressive dog category, defined as a dog that, while not legally restrained, killed or injured a legally restrained domestic animal or livestock. That one is about harm to animals rather than people. Neither designation pays you anything. Both create records your lawyer can use to prove what the owner knew.

For most bites it does not. Parkland, Baylor University Medical Center, Methodist Dallas, Texas Health Presbyterian Dallas and Children's Medical Center Dallas all hold the state's top trauma designation, so go to whichever is closest or in your network. For a child, especially with a facial or neck injury, Children's Medical Center Dallas is the area's children's hospital. What matters far more than the choice of hospital is being seen the same day and returning at the first sign of infection.

Three things. The deadline is longer, because her two year clock does not start until she turns 18, although the medical bills you paid run on the ordinary two year clock. The injuries are usually to the face, scalp or neck, which means scarring and often revision surgery years later. And because the bite happened at a complex, the landlord or property manager may be reachable on proof of knowledge of the dog, so prior complaints to the leasing office become key evidence.

Wait, in almost every case. A settlement closes the claim permanently, and a scar that is still red, raised or tightening has not shown you what it will look like at the end. Scar maturation can take a year or more and is slower in children. Until a surgeon can say whether revision surgery is needed and what it costs, the claim cannot be valued honestly. Photograph the scar on the same background every few weeks while you wait.

No. You are not required to give the other side's insurer a recorded statement, and there is no upside to doing it early. The call is friendly, and the questions are built to lock in details before you know how bad the injury is, to get you guessing about distances or timing, and to produce a sentence about your own conduct that can turn into a percentage of responsibility under the Texas rule. Give your name and contact details, then refer the adjuster to your lawyer.

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